# Database and Management System Important Concepts Published: 2025-02-27 · By Next-G Classes · Source: https://nextgclasses.com/blog/database-and-management-system-important-concepts > Know all concepts of DBMS here in detail. Here I have described the DBMS characteristics, examples, and cloud computing types in detail.

Database and management System

DBMS is a type of software which is used to manage the database.

Basic Concepts of Databases:

Database Management Data Hierarchy

DBMS

Database

Files

Records

Fields

Bytes

Bits

DBMS

Database

Files

Records

Fields

Bytes

Bits

 

Bit                  1

Bytes             2

Field              3     

Record           4

Table              5

Database       6

DBMS             7   

 

 

                   

Point:

1. Bit=smallest Data =0/1

2. Byte/Character=8 bits

3. Field= Group of Bytes

4. Record=Group of field

5. File/Table: Group of records

6. Database =Group of file

7. DBMS: Software

8. RDBMS: Software

Question: DBMS is system software or application software?           

Ans: System Software       

It’s a system software.

Question: Why DBMS is Compulsory for our computer?

Ans: It’s a system software because all the files in computer system stores at system using database.

Characteristics of DBMS

  1. No Data Redundancy and Inconsistency
  2. Data Integrity and Security
  3. Realistic
  4. Store and Type of Data
  5. ACID Properties
  6. Easy Access
  7. SQL and NoSQL
  8. Data Sharing
  9. Decision Making
  10. Data backup and recovery

 

Example of DBMS

  1. MYSQL(OS)
  2. MICROSOFT SQL SERVER
  3. SQlite(OS)
  4. PostgreSQL(OS)
  5. Microsoft Acess
  6. mariaDB(OS)
  7. MangoDB(OS)
  8. Oracle
  9. FoxPro
  10. IBM-DB2
  11. FIREBASE=Google
  12. Elasticsearch
  13. Amazon DynamoDB
  14. CockroachDB(OS)
  15. Cassandra(OS)

Question: What is RAID?

Ans: The collection of hard drive is called Redundant Array of Independent Drives (RAID).

Cloud Computing Types:

  1. IaaS=Infrastructure as a service (Network Support)
  2. PaaS=Platform as a service (App & Website Hosting Space)
  3. SaaS=Software as a Service (Application/Games)

Cloud Computing Founder:

Founder =J.C.R Licklider=American computer scientist            

Question: What is ACID?

Ans:

  1. Atomicity      : When transaction happens in only one step.
  2. Consistency : when transaction happens , it’s should be consistence
  3. Isolation: When 2 or more transactions happens no one will affect each other.
  4. Durability: Durability ensures that changes made to the database (transactions) that are successfully committed will survive permanently, even in the case of system failures.